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dc.contributor.authorEvans, Alina L.
dc.contributor.authorSahlén, Veronica
dc.contributor.authorStøen, Ole-Gunnar
dc.contributor.authorFahlman, Åsa
dc.contributor.authorBrunberg, Sven
dc.contributor.authorMadslien, Knut
dc.contributor.authorFröbert, Ole
dc.contributor.authorSwenson, Jon E.
dc.contributor.authorArnemo, Jon Martin
dc.date.accessioned2012-09-12T08:16:49Z
dc.date.available2012-09-12T08:16:49Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.identifier.citationEvans, A., Sahlén, V., Støen, O.-G., Fahlman, Å., Brunberg, S., Madslien, K., . . . Arnemo, J. M. (2012). Capture, Anesthesia, and Disturbance of Free-Ranging Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) during Hibernation. PLoS ONE, 7(7). doi: http://dx.doi.org10.1371/journal.pone.0040520no_NO
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/134474
dc.description.abstractWe conducted thirteen immobilizations of previously collared hibernating two- to four-year-old brown bears (Ursus arctos) weighing 21–66 kg in central Sweden in winter 2010 and 2011 for comparative physiology research. Here we report, for the first time, an effective protocol for the capture and anesthesia of free-ranging brown bears during hibernation and an assessment of the disturbance the captures caused. Bears were darted in anthill, soil, or uprooted tree dens on eleven occasions, but two bears in rock dens fled and were darted outside the den. We used medetomidine at 0.02–0.06 mg/kg and zolazepam-tiletamine at 0.9–2.8 mg/kg for anesthesia. In addition, ketamine at 1.5 mg/kg was hand-injected intramuscularly in four bears and in six it was included in the dart at 1.1–3.0 mg/kg. Once anesthetized, bears were removed from the dens. In nine bears, arterial blood samples were analyzed immediately with a portable blood gas analyzer. We corrected hypoxemia in seven bears (PaO2 57–74 mmHg) with supplemental oxygen. We placed the bears back into the dens and antagonized the effect of medetomidine with atipamezole. Capturing bears in the den significantly increased the risk of den abandonment. One of twelve collared bears that were captured remained at the original den until spring, and eleven, left their dens (mean 6 standard deviation) 3.263.6 (range 0.5–10.5) days after capture. They used 1.960.9 intermediate resting sites, during 6.267.8 days before entering a new permanent den. The eleven new permanent dens were located 7306589 m from the original dens. We documented that it was feasible and safe to capture hibernating brown bears, although they behaved differently than black bears. When doing so, researchers should use 25% of the doses used for helicopter darting during the active period and should consider increased energetic costs associated with den abandonment.no_NO
dc.language.isoengno_NO
dc.publisherPublic library of scienceno_NO
dc.subjectbjørnerno_NO
dc.subjectursus arctosno_NO
dc.subjectdvaleno_NO
dc.titleCapture, Anesthesia, and Disturbance of Free-Ranging Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) during Hibernationno_NO
dc.typeJournal articleno_NO
dc.typePeer reviewedno_NO
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Clinical veterinary science disciplines: 950no_NO
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480no_NO
dc.source.volume7no_NO
dc.source.journalPLOS oneno_NO
dc.source.issue7no_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0040520


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