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Evaluation of Medetomidine-Ketamine and atipamezole for reversible anesthesia of free-ranging gray wolves (Canis lupus)

Arnemo, Jon Martin; Evans, Alina L.; Ahlqvist, Per; Segerström, Peter; Liberg, Olof
Journal article, Peer reviewed
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/134536
Date
2013
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  • Artikkel - fagfellevurdert vitenskapelig / Articles - peer-reviewed [1561]
Original version
Arnemo, J. M., Evans, A., Ahlqvist, P., Segerström, P., & Liberg, O. (2013). Evaluation of Medetomidine-Ketamine and Atipamezole for Reversible Anesthesia of Free-ranging Gray Wolves (Canis lupus). Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 49(2), 403-407. doi: http://dx.doi.org10.7589/2011-12-366   10.7589/2011-12-366
Abstract
Twenty-eight anesthetic events

were carried out on 24 free-ranging Scandinavian

gray wolves (Canis lupus) by darting from a

helicopter with 5 mg medetomidine and 250 mg

ketamine during winter in 2002 and 2003.

Mean6SD doses were 0.16260.008 mg medetomidine/

kg and 8.160.4 mg ketamine/kg in

juveniles (7–10 mo old) and 0.11060.014 mg

medetomidine/kg and 5.760.5 mg ketamine/kg

in adults (.19 mo old). Mean6SD induction

time was shorter (P,0.01) in juveniles

(2.360.8 min) than in adults (4.160.6 min). In

26 cases, the animals were completely immobilized

after one dart. Muscle relaxation was good,

palpebral reflexes were present, and there were

no reactions to handling orminor painful stimuli.

Mild to severe hyperthermia was detected in 14/

28 anesthetic events. Atipamezole (5 mg per mg

medetomidine) was injected intramuscularly for

reversal 98628 and 94640 min after darting

in juveniles and adults, respectively. Mean6SD

time from administration of atipamezole to

coordinated walking was 38620 min in juveniles

and 41621 min in adults. Recovery was uneventful

in 25 anesthetic events, although

vomiting was observed in five animals. One

adult that did not respond to atipamezole was

given intravenous fluids and was fully recovered

8 hr after darting. Two animals died 7–9 hr after

capture, despite intensive care. Both mortalities

were attributed to shock and circulatory collapse

following stress-induced hyperthermia. Although

effective, this combination cannot be

recommended for darting free-ranging wolves

from helicopter at the doses presented here

because of the severe hyperthermia seen in

several wolves, two deaths, and prolonged

recovery in one individual.
Description
This article is published in Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 49(2), 2013, pp. 403–407
Publisher
Wildlife Disease Association
Journal
Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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