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dc.contributor.authorGeirdal, Amy Østertun
dc.contributor.authorPrice, Daicia
dc.contributor.authorSchoultz, Mariyana
dc.contributor.authorThygesen, Hilde
dc.contributor.authorRuffolo, Mary
dc.contributor.authorLeung, Janni
dc.contributor.authorBonsaksen, Tore
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-17T09:09:24Z
dc.date.available2021-06-17T09:09:24Z
dc.date.created2021-04-20T10:14:46Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.citationInt. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(8), 4345en_US
dc.identifier.issn1661-7827
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2759914
dc.description.abstractAbstract: This cross-national study explored stability and change in mental health, quality of life, wellbeing and loneliness during the early stage and nine months after the implementation of COVID-19 pandemic social distancing measures and periodic lockdowns as adjusted by demographic variables. In the USA, the UK, Australia and Norway, 7284 individuals responded to the invitation to take part in two cross-sectional web-based surveys (April and November 2020), including questions about sociodemographic variables and psychosocial outcomes. Independent t-tests and generalized linear models (GLM) and estimated marginal means were used to analyze differences between subgroups and countries, multiple linear regression analyses were conducted on the psychosocial outcome measures by demographic variables and time in each country and mean responses presented by time after adjusting for all demographic variables in the model. Age, gender, civil status, education, employment, place of work and living area were all significant factors for psychosocial health across the countries. Differences in mental health, quality of life, well-being and loneliness were found between the countries in both April and November 2020, while time did not contribute to reducing the toll in any of the four countries over the nine-month period.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleThe Significance of Demographic Variables on Psychosocial Health from the Early Stage and Nine Months after the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak. A Cross-National Studyen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.journalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH)en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijerph18084345
dc.identifier.cristin1905223
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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