Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorKiffney, Peter M.
dc.contributor.authorBuhle, E.R.
dc.contributor.authorNaman, S.M.
dc.contributor.authorPess, G.R.
dc.contributor.authorKlett, R.S.
dc.date.accessioned2015-02-19T11:56:18Z
dc.date.available2015-02-19T11:56:18Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier.citationKiffney, P., Buhle, E. R., Naman, S. M., Pess, G. R., & Klett, R. S. (2014). Linking resource availability and habitat structure to stream organisms: an experimental and observational assessment. Ecosphere, 5(4), 27. doi: 10.1890/ES13-00269.1nb_NO
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/276758
dc.description.abstractAn experiment and a mark-recapture field study of juvenile coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) were conducted to identify controls of key energy flow chains in river food webs. In the small-scale experiment, we investigated the individual and interactive effects of physical habitat structure (PHS) as small wood and resource availability (tissue of adult Chinook salmon, O. tshawytscha ) on nutrients, algae, invertebrates, and fish predators including juvenile coho. In the field, we quantified the effects of natural variation in prey availability (invertebrate drift biomass), PHS (wood), and local fish density on summer growth of juvenile coho across multiple stream reaches. Adding salmon tissue to experimental channels resulted in strong bottom-up effects on select invertebrates including increased population biomass of chironomids and baetids, the numerically dominant invertebrates, and faster growth of juvenile coho. We link the enhanced growth of coho to chironomid productivity: for instance, adult chironomid flux was 4.3 3 higher and coho consumption of these animals 3 3 higher in salmon-subsidized channels. PHS in experimental channels was associated with reduced algal biomass, potentially in response to increased invertebrate consumption, and invertebrate flux or export. The field study revealed coho growth was negatively related to PHS and total fish density and positively related to Diptera drift biomass; however, the effects of fish density and drift biomass on coho growth were relatively weak. The field study also indicated that prey resource availability and coho growth were associated with differences in canopy cover, with prey biomass and coho growth 2–4 3 higher in reaches receiving more sunlight. As in the experiment, coho in natural stream reaches predominantly fed on adult chironomids and other Diptera, indicating that these taxa and life-stages are a key link between the benthic food web and mobile vertebrate predators. Our study showed that bottom-up processes initiated by salmon subsidies and possibly light flux determined key trophic interactions in the Cedar River food web. Moreover, we speculate that PHS may modify some of these interactions indirectly through its effects on the movement of organisms through the environment.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherESAnb_NO
dc.subjectanadromousnb_NO
dc.subjectbody sizenb_NO
dc.subjectbottom-upnb_NO
dc.subjectfishnb_NO
dc.subjectgrowthnb_NO
dc.subjectChironomidae (Diptera)nb_NO
dc.subjectOncorhynchus kisutch Walbaumnb_NO
dc.subjectphysical habitat structurenb_NO
dc.subjectesource subsidiesnb_NO
dc.subjectrestorationnb_NO
dc.subjectscalenb_NO
dc.subjectstreamsnb_NO
dc.subjectWashingtonnb_NO
dc.titleLinking resource availability and habitat structure to stream organisms: an experimental and observational assessmentnb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920nb_NO
dc.source.volume5nb_NO
dc.source.journalEcospherenb_NO
dc.source.issue4nb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1890/ES13-00269.1


Files in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record