Recruitment of juveniles is important for the size of the next year’s breeding population in many bird species. Climate variability and predation may affect recruitment rates, and when these factors are spatially correlated, ...

Species in a given site, or populations of one species in different sites often fluctuate in synchrony, given that their affected similarly by factors such as spatially autocorrelated climate, predation or by dispersal ...

The willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus) is an economically important and desired game species in Scandinavia. Its abundance varies considerably in time and space, but there has been a long-term population decline over recent ...