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Wolves, people, and brown bears influence the expansion of the recolonizing wolf population in Scandinavia

Ordiz, Andres; Milleret, Cyril; Kindberg, Jonas; Månsson, Johan; Wabakken, Petter; Swenson, Jon E.; Sand, Håkan
Journal article, Peer reviewed
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2375119
Date
2015
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  • Artikkel - fagfellevurdert vitenskapelig / Articles - peer-reviewed [1561]
Original version
Ordiz, A., Milleret, C., Kindberg, J., Månsson, J., Wabakken, P., Swenson, J., & Sand, H. (2015). Wolves, people, and brown bears influence the expansionof the recolonizing wolf population in Scandinavia. Ecosphere, 6(12).   http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/ES15-00243.1/pdf
Abstract
Interspecific competition can influence the distribution and abundance of species and the

structure of ecological communities and entire ecosystems. Interactions between apex predators can have

cascading effects through the entire natural community, which supports broadening the scope of

conservation from single species to a much wider ecosystem perspective. However, competition between

wild large carnivores can hardly be measured experimentally. In this study, we analyzed the expansion of

the Scandinavian wolf (

Canis lupus

) population during its recovery from the early 1990s. We took into

account wolf-, habitat-, human- and brown bear (

Ursus arctos

)-related factors, because wolf expansion

occurred within an area partially sympatric with bears. Wolf pair establishment was positively related to

previous wolf presence and was negatively related to road density, distance to other wolf territories, and

bear density. These findings suggest that both human-related habitat modification and interspecific

competition have been influential factors modulating the expansion of the wolf population. Interactions

between large carnivores have the potential to affect overall biodiversity. Therefore, conservation-oriented

management of such species should consider interspecific interactions, rather than focusing only on target

populations of single species. Long-term monitoring data across large areas should also help quantify and

predict the influence of biotic interactions on species assemblages and distributions elsewhere. This is

important because interactive processes can be essential in the regulation, stability, and resilience of

ecological communities
Publisher
ESA
Journal
Ecosphere

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