Karriereveiledning i AFT – tiltak, sett fra veilederes perspektiv.
Abstract
Temaet for masteroppgaven er karriereveiledning i arbeidsinkluderingstiltaket AFT. Problemstillingen: Hva skjer i møtet mellom jobbveileder og jobbsøker i AFT-tiltak når jobbsøker finner frem til aktuell jobbretning? Utgangspunktet mitt var at jeg undret meg over hva karriereveiledning egentlig er, hvordan vi kan forstå karriereveiledning, og hvordan vi kan praktisere karriereveiledning innen fagfeltet arbeidsinkludering. For å samle data til prosjektet, har jeg intervjuet til sammen 10 jobbveiledere som jobber i AFT-tiltak ved fire ulike arbeidsinkluderingsbedrifter. Disse har fortalt om de tre siste jobbsøkerne de har samarbeidet med, og hvordan jobbsøker har kommet frem til aktuell jobbretning i samarbeid med jobbveileder. Mitt vitenskapsteoretiske perspektiv har vært fenomenologisk og hermeneutisk. Fenomenologien søker meningssammenhenger. Blikket er rettet mot å forstå det vesentlige i fenomenet som studeres, deretter å gjøre dette til gjenstand for en hermeneutisk, refleksiv og fortolkende prosess. Funnene mine presenterer jeg som fortellinger som jeg drøfter mot aktuell teori. Teorien omfatter forskning om karriereveiledning og arbeidsinkludering, fra individnivå til systemnivå. Kjernen i funnene viser blant annet at alle informanter snakker om det samme. De viser til at alle saker er spesielle og avviker fra systemkravene. Jobbveilederne legger mer vekt på individets behov fremfor kravene staten setter, men opplever også stress på grunn krysspress. Det var stor pågang for å delta i undersøkelsen. Det tolker jeg som at jobbveilederne i AFT opplever tematikken som viktig, men også at de opplever det som anerkjennende å få snakke om, og dele, kunnskapen de besitter. Det ligger et uforløst potensial til kunnskapsutvikling i faget, både hos jobbveilederne og jobbsøkerne i AFT, slik jeg ser det. Jeg mener det behov for mer forskning om hvordan karriereveiledning kan forstås, og dermed utvikles, innen arbeidsinkluderingsfeltet. The theme for this master’s thesis is career counseling in relevance to the AFT Act on Job-Inclusion. Question of research: What happens in the meeting between a career counselor and a job seeker when they are trying to decide on a relevant career path? The starting point for this research was my own curiosity about what career counselling actually is, how we can understand career counselling, and how we can practice career counseling in the field of job-inclusion. To collect data for my project, I have interviewed a total of ten career counselors who works in four different job-inclusion corporations from measures by AFT. They have described their collaboration with three different job seekers, and how the job seeker with guidance from the career counselor eventually decided on a career path. My scientific and theoretic perspective has been phenomenological and hermeneutical. The phenomenology seeks meaningful context. My approach has been to understand what is essential in the phenomena in discussion, and then to apply it to a hermeneutical, reflective and interpretative process. I will present my discoveries as stories which I will discuss in relevance to applicable theory. The theory presented will include comprehensive science on career counseling and job inclusion, starting from the level of individuals and then to the system as a whole. One of the core discoveries in my research shows that all informers discuss the same. They all refer to the fact that every case is special and deviate from the system requirements. Career counselors emphasizes that the needs of the individual should be prioritized over the requirements from the government. At the same time, they also experience stress because of cross-pressures. Many have wanted to take a part in the research. The career counselors at AFT experience the subject in discussion as important, but they also appreciate that they can share their knowledge and experiences. There is an unredeemed potential in developing more knowledge in the field of job counseling, both for the career counselors and the job seekers at AFT. I think there is a need for more research on how career counseling can be understood, as it can contribute to further development in the field of job inclusion.
Description
Mastergradsoppgave i karriereveiledning